Advances and Challenges in Budd-Chiari Syndrome Management: A Review of the Literature
), Jeanne Winarta(2), Andrew Waleleng(3),
(1) Department of Internal Medicine, Indra Medical Centre Hospital, West Java, Indonesia
(2) Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
(3) Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
Corresponding Author
Abstract
Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a medical condition caused by a partial or complete obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. Epidemiologically, BCS was considered rare, and its infrequent diagnosis was attributed to limited diagnostic tools and low clinical awareness. Therefore, this review aimed to enhance clinicians' awareness, from accurate diagnosis to appropriate management of patients with BCS. The symptoms experienced by patients ranged from asymptomatic cases to fulminant forms of the disease. Imaging methods, such as Doppler ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were often used to establish the diagnosis. The primary treatment for BCS included anticoagulants, typically warfarin or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). Depending on the patient's clinical status, more invasive therapeutic interventions could also be necessary.
Keywords
References
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DOI: 10.24871/2722026173-181
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